Introduction to System Analysis and Design

Information Systems

Organization today uses information systems to achieve strategic, tactical and operational advantage. Information systems capture, process, stores and retrieve information that satisfies the business requirements. They are either built for the organization or they are procured as an off-the-shelf software.

Traditional systems development life cycle (SDLC)

SDLC

The software systems can be built in-house. Software system development consists of a number of phases. A traditional SDLC consists of four phases - System planning and selection, system analysis, system design, and system implementation and usage. System analysis and system design are critical phases of SDLC.

System Analysis and Design

System analysis and design is performed by a system analyst to ensure the effectiveness of the information system. An information system is considered to be effective when it is capable of catering the information requirements of an organization. An organization's goals, objectives, business strategy, processes and organizational structure should be considered when determining the effectiveness of its information system.

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CUMIPMT and CUMPRINC function

CUMIPMT Cumulative interest payment function allows you to calculate the interest paid for a loan or from an investment from period A to period B. When getting a loan, CUMIPMT function can be used to calculate the total amount of interest paid in the first five months or from period 12 to period 20. A period can be a month, a week or two week. Loan Amount : 350,000.00 APR: 4.5% Down payment: 0.00 Years: 25 Payment per year: 12 From the above data, we can calculate the following: No of Period: 25 × 12 = 300 Periodic Rate: 4.5/12 = 0.375% Here is how you will substitute these values into the function. = CUMIPMT (periodic rate, No of period, vehicle price, start period, end period, ) = CUMIPMT (0.375, 300, 350000, 1, 5, 0) In an excel worksheet, we use cell address instead of actual values as shown below: Here is the formula view of the worksheet: CUMPRINC Another related function is CUMPRINC. CUMPRINC function is used to calculate cumul

Excel PMT Function

PMT function is very useful for calculating monthly payment required to payback a loan or mortgage at a fixed rate. This function require a minimum of three inputs, periodic rate, number of periods, present value or the loan amount. Here is a simple example. Home Loan: 350,000.00 Interest rate: 4.5% Number of years to repay the loan: 25 Note: To calculate monthly payment, we need to find the monthly rate and number of months as shown above. Then it is simply a matter of substituting the values into the payment function, as shown in the formula view below.

BCG's Brand Advocacy Index

The Boston Consulting Group's (BCG) Brand Advocacy Index (BAI) is a metric developed to help companies measure the degree of customer advocacy for their brands. BAI focuses on the likelihood of customers to recommend a brand to others, which is a powerful indicator of brand strength and customer loyalty. Unlike other customer satisfaction or loyalty metrics, BAI emphasizes the importance of customer referrals and word-of-mouth marketing. BAI is calculated based on a survey where customers are asked about their willingness to recommend a brand to their friends, family, or colleagues. The responses are then used to compute a score, which ranges from -100 to 100. A higher BAI score indicates that a brand has more advocates who are likely to recommend the brand to others, while a lower score suggests that the brand has fewer advocates or even a higher number of detractors. BCG's research has shown that companies with higher BAI scores tend to experience higher growth rates and bett

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